The structure of mountaineering package can be summarized into three parts, namely, carrying system, loading system and external storage system.
（1） Knapsack system
The function of the hiking backpack system is to ensure the load bearing and the comfort of the backpack. The structure includes five belt functions (double shoulder straps, stress adjustment straps, chest straps, waist straps, and waist bottom adjustment straps), support devices, ventilation devices, and adjustment devices. The backpack system is the core of backpack technology. The biggest difference between the performance of a backpack and that of a backpack is the backpack system. The backpack system with good performance not only considers ventilation, but also facilitates gravity transmission, strong bearing capacity and comfort in design.
1. Five band function
The five belt function of the backpack system is to ensure the reliable combination of the backpack and the human body, ensure the correct force transmission and assist in bearing. Its material, technology and design mode directly affect the comfort of the backpack. In order to ensure shoulder comfort, the manufacturer invented “S” shoulder belt, which can stretch the neck and not block the shoulder socket. The material is often selected to form multi-layer foam film by high temperature molding and the elastic Lycra outer layer to make the shoulder pad extremely comfortable; The shoulder force bearing belt is connected through the whole body, which not only ensures the adjustment of the center of gravity of the backpack, but also meets the requirements of force bearing; The chest strap is a small part of the backpack system, but it is not an insignificant part. The main function of the chest strap is to adjust the shoulder strap gap, enhance the stability of the backpack and facilitate breathing; The waist belt is the load-bearing part of the backpack, which is usually composed of a waist pad and a waist belt. It is a movable design. The waist belt is fixed in the waist pad at the bottom of the backpack with nylon stickers. Open the waist pad to fine tune up and down, so as to find the best joint point; The waist bottom adjustment belt of the backpack can be divided into single belt and double belt. The professional backpacks are all double belt adjusted and cross stressed, ensuring the reliable combination of the bottom of the backpack and the waist support with the waist.
2. Support device
The perfect backpack design comes from improvement and innovation. In the early days, U-shaped tubes and double aluminum bars were common. The improved backpack was supported by “Π” shaped aluminum sheets and templates, which enhanced the stability but also increased the weight of the backpack. In order to improve the carrying performance, the backpack manufacturer invented the “TCS” carrying system at the end of the 20th century. This alloy tube frame support structure, which is prefabricated with high-strength and high elastic titanium alloy tubes, greatly reduces the weight of materials, and makes its stress strength higher and the weight distribution more balanced. Its large volume backpack is added with lumbar support to make the bearing force more integrated. In order to solve the problem of looking up when traveling, the system has designed a concave headrest. The humanized design makes the “TCS” carrying system known as the “intelligent carrying system”.
3. Ventilation device
Good ventilation is an important indicator of backpack comfort. In order to solve the problem of ventilation of the backpack system, manufacturers usually use soft ventilation materials to bulge. The shoulders are designed as modeling cushions, and an adjustable breathable cushion is installed at the waist fulcrum, so that the backpack position can form a saddle, thus solving the problem of ventilation. In order to adapt to the body shape and personality of different bearers, the waist fulcrum cushion can be opened and a cushion can be added inside, which can solve the contradiction between the force bearing point and the waist fulcrum of the hip emaciated.
4. Adjustment device
The backpack adjusting device is developed on the basis of the fixed device. The fixed device can only adapt to specific height, which is very inconvenient to use. Therefore, the manufacturer has developed an adjustable backpack. Adjustable backpacks can also be divided into upward and downward adjustment types: the upward adjustment type is generally equipped with a ladder adjustment at the root of the shoulder belt, while the downward adjustment type is equipped with an adjustment device in the middle of the belt. Although these two types of adjustment methods can adjust the back distance according to the shape of the bearer, they are limited. In order to solve this contradiction, the manufacturer has developed the waist shoulder connection stepless adjustment type, which completely overcomes the limitations of the first two adjustment methods. The back can be adjusted to the appropriate position according to personal needs, so as to find the best feeling.
（2） Loading system
Backpack loading system refers to the part of mountaineering packaging that carries goods. Its structure is not too complex, and it usually consists of main bag, top bag, side bag, and accessory bag. The main bag is mostly layered, that is, an opening is set at the upper end and the middle part, and a movable partition is installed in the middle, which can be connected or disconnected. Its advantage is that users can pack items separately according to their needs, and can take them out from top to bottom. The top bag of the backpack is also called the head bag. It is located on the top of the backpack and has a single bag structure and a double bag structure. It is very convenient to carry small items. The side bag, also called ear bag, is like two ears on both sides of the backpack. For the convenience of external hanging, some bags are not equipped with side bags, while others are designed with movable side bags, which need to be installed at any time and can be removed when using external hanging. Attached bag refers to a small bag attached to the main bag, which is attached to the front or side of the backpack to facilitate the sub packaging of items. Some attached bags can be taken down and used separately as small backpacks.
The function of loading system is to load objects, but whether the design is scientific or not directly affects the comfort and force transmission. For example, the double “V” design concept of the backpack, drawing on the stress principle of the Nepalese backpack and the Portuguese wine bucket, has designed its own backpack bracket into a “V” shape that is large up and small down, and designed the shape of the main bag of the backpack into a cone shape that is large up and small down. Obviously, this design is scientific. Isn’t the familiar basket used in the southern mountains also half empty? In fact, this is the crystallization of human wisdom. The design of hidden side bag, inner top bag, outer top bag, cosmetic bag and accessory bag greatly facilitates users.
（3） Plug in system
The function of the backpack plug-in system is to increase the number of items carried and facilitate the attachment of irregular items. An external system is essential for a professional mountaineering bag. The external hanging system of the backpack can be divided into top hanging, side hanging, back hanging, bottom hanging, etc., which usually adopts point fixing or strip fixing. One or two groups of corresponding hanging points are generally set for point hanging type, and four points are used for binding and fixing. The strip hanging type is usually equipped with two rows of external hanging strips on the front of the backpack, each of which has several fixed points. Its fixed items are more random and less affected by the shape. Professional backpack design has its own unique features, with long and short ice pick hanging points at random; Plug pocket convenient for lifting side hung articles; A small hanging bag convenient for storing water bottles; Strong claw fixing structure and high-strength puncture resistant synthetic leather pad; The external storage system is convenient and durable in use. This kind of rational design from practice ensures the perfection of backpack in weight bearing. The reasonable use of the plug-in system can double the capacity of your backpack.
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